Documenting Life and Death in Nigeria in "The Edge of Joy"

(Guest blog from the director of "The Edge of Joy", originally posted on the PBS NewsHour website)

The Edge of JoyIn the time it takes to read this post, somewhere in the world a pregnant woman will have started hemorrhaging and her baby might soon be motherless. One thousand women die every day trying to bring new life into the world, and this toll is what drew me to shoot my documentary film, The Edge of Joy.

 

I encountered many of the heartbreaking and hopeful stories that underpin this global tragedy, but it was only through the people, the doctors and nurses of Nigeria that I was able to tell them. The roughly one dozen Nigerian doctors and midwives I worked with closely over the course of making the film, didn't push agendas, or act as obstructionists when I asked tough questions or wanted to follow story lines to their natural conclusions.

 

Nigeria is better known for corruption and oil production than as the vanguard of fighting maternal mortality, but this small close-knit group of men and a handful of women trusted me not to create an indicting portrait of pregnancy and childbirth in their West African country.

 

Documentary filmmaking is an art, not a science, and at times during the making of this film, the process was challenging. I always kept my questions dignified and did my reproductive health homework so I could ask informed questions in hospitals and in the communities.

 

Getting permission to film in such sensitive settings requires government approval, a process that Habib Sadauki, the second obstetrician/gynecologist to be trained in the Nigerian state of Kano, helped me through.

 

After many meetings with the Ministry of Health and a mutual understanding that I would have a "minder" assigned to me while filming in the north, I was given permission to film in tertiary hospitals and primary health centers.

 

What I didn't know at the time is that the then Minister of Health Babatunde Osotimehin, recently appointed executive director of the UN Population Fund, had approved the access himself. During his tenure as minister, his office approved some ground breaking research about postpartum hemorrhaging.

 

I caught up with Osotimehin in May of 2009 at a health conference in Los Angeles. Our scheduled time to sit down and talk on camera kept being pushed back, so I made the bold move of taking over the role of the waitress at the café where he was enjoying a coffee.

 

Handing him a glass of water, I introduced myself as the filmmaker who had been documenting maternal health initiatives in Nigeria. I kept going on and on and he stopped me and said something to the effect of "you are persistent and persuasive just like they say" and with that got up, and came to sit with me for more than an hour.

 

We discussed safe motherhood, community leadership for better healthcare and, at the conclusion of our interview he shook my hand and said "your access is continued, enjoy your next trip to Nigeria." My field director and I began breaking down the equipment and she asked why I looked dazed. I said I was not even aware our access had to be renewed.

 

The freedom to shoot in medical settings was crucial to documenting the harsh realities of giving birth in Nigeria. In the film, blood became a ubiquitous character: women were losing too much of it, there wasn't enough of it when you needed it and midwives were always trying to keep it from flowing.

 

"Hemorrhage requires that you stop the bleeding and you repair the blood loss. If you don't repair (replace) the blood loss the woman will die," Sadauki told me.

 

We documented a case of severe bleeding where the midwives were able to manage a patient's hemorrhage with a drug and saline until her husband found a pint of blood and she received the transfusion in time to save her life.

 

And there are new tools on the horizon. A low-tech first aid device, known as the non-pneumatic anti-shock garment, shunts blood out of the extremities and back to the vital organs in cases of hemorrhage. No magic bullet, but a potential game changer for women giving birth in the developing world and new hope for the health care providers.

 

After I showed this film recently, I was embraced by a woman in the audience who thanked me for saving the world. Locked in a bear hug with a complete stranger, I thought to myself: "Thank you, but no, I'm not saving the world, I just make films about people who are saving the world."

 

# # #

 

Dawn Sinclair Shapiro's documentary film, The Edge of Joy, which was featured on PBS NewsHour in April 2011 as a selection of the PBS NewsHour partnership project with The Economist magazine -- the Economist Film Project -- will premiere on independent Link TV on Friday, October 28, at 5 pm ET and Tuesday, November 1, at 8 pm ET, and will stream on Link TV's ViewChange.org beginning on Tuesday, October 25. The Pulitzer Center on Crisis Reporting, an international journalism organization, has created an online curriculum that accompanies the film to be distributed to high school educators around the country; educators and others can download the film for free to accompany the curriculum at www.viewchange.org.

 
 

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Tonight on Mosaic: Main opposition group pulls out of Bahrain national dialogue

Bahrain: Bahrain's Al Wefaq National Islamic Society pulled out of the national dialogue session after controversial remarks were made by Representative Jasim al-Saeedi. During discussions of naturalization issues, al-Saeedi described the Shiite Muslim sect as "naturalized rejecters," causing resentment among many dialogue participants. The opposition group is considering completely withdrawing from the dialogue because, according to the head al-Wefaq's delegation Khalil al-Marzouq, it is not being taking seriously by all parties.

Syria: As most foreign journalists have been banned from entering the country, citizens are using new technology and media to document the Syrian revolution. Cell phone pictures and videos have been uploaded online to Facebook, YouTube, and Twitter, and reveal the turmoil in Syria and the oppressive measure used by the Syrian security forces. Meanwhile, the UN Security Council has condemned the attacks by President Bashar al-Assad's loyalists on the US and French embassies in Damascus. In the council's statement, issued unanimously by all 15 members, the German ambassador to the UN, Peter Wittig, urged the Syrian authorities to protect diplomatic facilities and diplomats.

Egypt:
The interior minister announced a series of promotions, transfers, and terminations of members of the ministry. It includes nearly 4,000 officers, including 18 major-generals and 19 brigadier-generals who will be dismissed over accusations related to the killing of protestors. Meanwhile, protests continue in Cairo's Tahrir Square for the sixth consecutive day, demanding the ruling military council accelerate the reform process.

Libya: Human Rights Watch has accused the Libyan revolutionaries advancing toward Tripoli of burning and looting homes and abusing civilians. The organization said it witnessed some of these acts, interviewed witnesses, and spoke with one of the revolutionaries' leaders about the violations. According to the rights group, the latest violation occurred last week when the revolutionaries were in the Nafusa Mountains. The rebel fighters damaged property, burned several homes, looted hospitals, homes, and shops, and beat individuals alleged to be Gaddafi supporters.

 
 

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Tonight on Mosaic: Yemen rivals to sign Gulf-backed transition deal

Yemen: President Ali Abdullah Saleh and the Yemeni opposition have agreed to sign the Gulf Cooperation Council’s reconciliation initiative, which includes a transfer of power and minor changes to the initiative that was proposed several weeks ago. This agreement came at the end of GCC Secretary General Abdullatif al-Zayani’s visit to Yemen and after an intervention by American and European diplomats helped mediate the deal. However, Protestors, however, continued to rally in Yemeni streets and have rejected any initiative brokered by the GCC.

 

Libya: The Tunisian government threatened to report Libya to the United Nations after Libyan shells hit Tunisian territory near the Dhehiba border-crossing. NATO strikes on Gaddafi-controlled regions have now become regular and target vital regime facilities. Most recently, NATO warplanes launched a series of raids on several government buildings in the Libyan capital Tripoli, including the Anti-Corruption Ministry and the Internal Security headquarters.

 

Syria: President Bashar al-Assad has admitted that security forces made mistakes in dealing with protests over the past two months, during which over 800 people died. Assad said that thousands of policemen will attend new training sessions. The United States and the European Union said they will impose sanctions against Syria in response to the government’s violent crackdown on protestors. Russian President Dmitry Medvedev said that Russia would not support any measures taken against Syria.

 

Gaza: The United Nations Relief and Works Agency (UNRWA) closed its doors after its 11,000 employees called for a general strike. The strike was organized in protest of what is being referred to as the "arbitrary dismissal" of five employees. The agency closed all of its health clinics in Gaza, halting services to nearly 750,000 refugees. The strike is also affecting the more than 200,000 students enrolled in UNRWA-run schools.

 
 

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NATO Night Strikes Blast Targets in Tripoli

(Euronews: 0742 PT, May 10, 2011) NATO aircraft conducted raids over Tripoli overnight with government buildings bearing the brunt of the attacks. Libyan officials escorted journalists to the High Commission for Children, which suffered extensive damage. Witnesses in the capital say NATO planes were trying to hit Gaddafi's compound.

 

 

NATO Launches Airstrike on Libyan Capital

(Al Jazeera English: 2352 PT, May 9, 2011) NATO warplanes launched a new round of airstrikes in Tripoli, the Libyan capital, witnesses said. They told Al Jazeera the attacks targeted several sites, including Muammar Gaddafi's compound. Earlier, the United Nations humanitarian chief called for a break in fighting to allow medical aid into the country. Al Jazeera's Monica Villamizar reports.

 

 

 
 

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Syrian Official Denies Protest Casualties and Arrests

(Al Jazeera English: 0908 PT, May 6, 2011) Reem Haddad, a spokesperson for the Syrian information ministry, spoke to Al Jazeera about the rolling nationwide protests. She denied knowledge of the deaths reported during on Friday, as thousands of protesters took to the streets across Syria to protest against the government.

 

She also said the UN delegation which will be visiting Syria to investigate allegations would be a positive thing for the government: "The Syrian government is not worried, because there is nothing wrong ... Syria is a mosaic, it is made of many different sects living together, in harmony."

 

She denied any knowledge of the arrest of Riad Seif, a member of parliament and leading opposition activist, or about the detention of Al Jazeera journalist Dorothy Parvaz.

 

 

 
 

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Syrian Soldiers 'Switching Allegiances'

(Al Jazeera English: 0327 PST, April 28, 2011) Reports are coming out of Syria that some soldiers are siding with the anti-government protesters. Amateur footage is said to show that some troops have been shot at from within their own ranks for refusing to fire upon protesters in the city of Deraa. Al Jazeera cannot independently verify the footage, which is said to have been shot on Wednesday. Imran Khan reports.

 

 

 
 

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Libya's Deepening Humanitarian Crisis

(Al Jazeera English: 0129 PST, April 21, 2011) While the fighting in Libya continues, the country's humanitarian crisis is deteriorating, particularly in the besieged western city of Misurata where 300,000 civilians are trapped.

 

 

(Al Jazeera English: 0649 PST, April 21, 2011) Ahmad Hassan, a pro-democracy activist from Misurata, talks to Al Jazeera about the worsening humanitarian crisis there.

 

 

 
 

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Cote d'Ivoire: Gbagbo Arrested

(Associated Press: 0906 PST, April 11, 2011) After a week of heavy fighting, forces backing Alassane Ouattara, the internationally recognized leader of Cote d'Ivoire, arrested strongman Laurent Gbagbo after he refused to leave the presidency, French diplomats said.

 

 

Gbagbo's Checkered Political Career

(Al Jazeera English: 0846 PST, April 11, 2011) Laurent Gbagbo, the former president of Cote d'Ivoire, has been captured by forces loyal to his rival Alassane Ouattara, the man the international community says won a November presidential election.

 

Al Jazeera's Caroline Malone takes a look at back the political career of a man whose presidency began in much the same chaotic vein as it ended.

 

 

 
 

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Libyan Rebels Regain Control of Ajdabiya

(Euronews: 0314 PST, April 11, 2011) Libyan rebels celebrated regaining control of Ajdabiya after NATO aircraft destroyed at least 11 tanks. Although they've long complained about what they say is an ineffective NATO response to government attacks, the rebels were more than satisfied with the alliance's approach over the weekend.

 

Ajdabiya is a gateway to their stronghold of Benghazi, some 150 km up the Mediterranean coast. It has been the launch point for insurgents during a week-long fight for the oil port of Brega and its fall would be a serious loss.

 

 

 
 

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Indigenous Peoples at the United Nations

Viewer Jeanne Andrews says, "Each episode is a gift. Everyone I have recommended the series to has enjoyed it and said that they got a lot out of it. I am recommending the episode on "Earth Wisdom" to a mythology group I organize as we are visiting the State Indian Museum and exploring the wisdom and contributions of indigenous peoples in April. I am grateful that past episodes are available on-line at your web site :) Thank you."

 

In this clip from Earth Wisdom for a World in Crisis, a woman from Kenya says "there will be a pay back time." What wisdom can we learn from those who are deeply connected to the land?  What should we do now? What are the current environmental "shifts" trying to tell us?

 

 
 

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