I could not read the interview that David suggested because that website is blocked by Syrian filters. So I can not speak to the interview directly. But I do agree, tribalism is ingrained in the psyche, not just in Israel-- it is universal, existing beyond the Middle East and it most likely will not go away for a very long time. It is the nature of our humanity.

Arabs do not trust the Israelis. Israelis do not trust the Arabs. This fact has long been a given in this formula called Middle East peace. But there is a greater problem at hand, at least in the Arab world: Arabs do not trust themselves. This lack of inter-Arab trust and unity has caused a total breakdown in any sort of peace process or prospect for negotiations with the Israelis. It has prevented Arabs from joining the global community and being an effective diplomatic bloc in international affairs.

Palestinians continue to bicker and fight among themselves. There are skirmishes between varying camps but they continue to appeal for so-called National Unity. In Lebanon, Christians, Sunni Muslims and Shia Arabs are in conflict. Within the Christian community in the country, there is no agreement and no trust. Just last week, two armed men shot a driver of car in the the neck. They pulled him out of his car and dumped him in the trunk of their own car, speeding off to a destination unknown. In Syria, where I am now, people have no trust in anyone, not the taxi driver, not the store owner, not even ordinary people on the street. I recently heard about a Syrian blogger, who was arrested and has disappeared. His whereabouts unknown. Let's hope my blogging does not lead to such fate. These may be small, singular incidents, but they symbolize a larger, more complicated dilemma.

How can Arabs expect to make peace with their so-called enemies, when they have not yet made peace with themselves, their tribes and their governments?

If you want to know what the mindset of the Israeli government is, you need to read this interview. Mr. Arad is the chief security advisor of Mr. Netanyahu.

It is very clear that we are going back one full decade in the mindset of the Israelis. There is a total breakdown of any faith that the Middle East might change. Threats and suspicion are the most popular currency, feeding the tunnel vision of non-dialog. As you might say, not much has changed, and the Tribal and Identity politics continue being the trend.

The tribalism of the Middle East is so deeply ingrained, that it is practically part of the landscape. The Chamula (extended family) comes first, then the religion, and then the territory.

There is no wish to join the global community, or the global commons. Arabs and Jews alike find in the tribal fire a warm secluded place to get cozy. The world out there is too edgy and technical, and fraught with unknown dangers. No positive value in the all-embracing view of interdependence.

The Middle East needs to break out of this biblical mentality, that the world is only as important as the next water well, or the honor of your tribe.

I think 5000 years is enough…. ?

Souheila: I hope you landed in the arms of your family.

I really do not know Syria as a civilian -- I observed it through the crosshairs of the Israeli army. During my service in the seventies, I had to count traffic of the Syrian army, but this is the past as far as I am concerned.

So from my perspective, you landed on the other side of the moon. What do your relatives and friends tell you? Is coexistence possible? And what windows are there for the Syrians to dialogue with Israelis, as people? Not as representatives of governments, but face to face with citizens who have different points of view.

Once in the nineties, I produced a dialogue between a Syrian member of parliament and an Israeli minister -- live on TV.

A lot has changed since than. As a thaw might be possible between the USA and Syria, maybe another thaw is possible?

I am not optimistic about all this.

I disagree with your assessment that Obama just talked. At least in Israel there are political ramifications, as his speech is seen as a signal of a new approach to USA-Israel relations. The government is already changing their tone about the two state solutions. The settlement movement declared Obama public enemy number one. They relate to him as "nigger" – "Koshon" in Hebrew.

His speech is seen as a marker of a new attitude that will be followed by action, including freezing of the settlements and giving a real chance for the Palestinians to voice their view on the solution. Obama found the soft belly of Bibi Netanyahu’s government. Most Jews in the USA, and the Obama administration, do not have any understanding of the messianic dreams of the settlers.

However, it could be that I am too optimistic, as I believe that you should watch what politicians do and not what they say. Still, I think that your judgment does not give a reasonable time span or perspective for a new policy to happen.

I think that not only are the settlers afraid of him, but so are Al Qaeda. They notice that Obama presents the Muslim world with new options. He ruins the one-dimensional Bush view of the "axis of evil." Bush made Al Qaeda's work very easy as a recruiting tool. Obama challenges all of us, Jews, Muslims and Christians, to listen to the "other" point of view.

Well, it has been a week since Obama gave his historical speech to the Muslim world in the Mother of the World (Um Al Dunya) in Egypt. Now that the sand has settled and reactions have tempered, it is fair to say that although there was alot of optimism and hype surrounding his landmark speech, not much is going to change. While Muslims can appreciate President Obama for recognizing Islamic achievement throughout history and the need to re-engage based on mutual respect, it will be his actions that will ultimately be judged--particularly concerning the Arab-Israeli/Palestinian-Israeli conflict. 

Israel is continuing its settlements and its policy of displacement. On today's Mosaic, Syria TV reports that a Palestinian man was forced to demolish his home with his own hands so that he would be spared the cost of having to pay for an Israeli bulldozer to do it. Israeli settlers are erecting Obama huts to protest President Obama's calling for a two-state solution and a halt to settlement building. Meanwhile, the Palestinians continue to bicker among themselves over who has the right to represent a people who are becoming more impoverished and more hopeless with every passing day. Arab leaders continue to prove their ineffectiveness as they watch from the sidelines waiting for their cue from Washington, or better yet, Tel Aviv.

Well so much for big talk and small action!

The reaction to the recent nationalist trend in the Israeli parliament has been very negative. As a result, the initiative to make life harder for the Palestinian–Israeli citizens was canceled.

See this YNetnews update for more details.

Still, the undercurrent of total polarization between Israeli Jews and Palestinian Israeli citizens will get stronger. Unless President Obama will signal a new beginning in his speech on the 4th of June, the peace process is frozen.

Polarization will get worse.

David, I agree with you it is a shame that such laws are being implemented in Israel. I share in your outrage. Consecutive Israeli governments have long been annexing Palestinian lands since 1948 and annexing Palestinian culture (i.e. Israeli hummus?) as well as re-writing  history. This is all part of Al Nakba of 1948 (The Catastrophe in Arabic), which Palestinians remember. Israel has been demolishing Palestinian homes for settlement building, razing graveyards, agricultural lands and historical sites. This, in addition to incursions, house invasions, assassinations and bombings, etc. Death and destruction on both sides, committed by both sides. All smaller Nakbas that are ultimately connected to Al Nakba. With this latest move, Israel attempts to further erase Palestinian identity in the country by not allowing the Palestinians to commemorate their own history as they see it.  I am comforted by the fact that Palestinians everywhere will never forget their history or their past. Many of them still hold the key to their homes, which have been either destroyed or taken over.  They dream of the day when they or their children will return to their homeland.

This is an Al Jazeera report that tells the story of the Nakba very well.  

Israel cabinet decided to pass a legal initiative that would give a 3 year prison sentence to anyone who treats the Nakba of 1948 as a special event. This is an outrageous idea: it is the sum of the hopes of the Israeli Nationalists that the Palestinian minority in Israel will somehow disappear. It expresses a total denial of Palestinian history.

This compliments the denial of the Holocaust, which Israel has fought for the last 60 years. Denial of your history means that either you are an inventor of gas ovens, or you are just a victim of your own victimization complex. Denial of the right to express your mourning over events that happened to your family and many other people is a cruel and unusual punishment.

This is such a debasing ministerial call that Israelis of all walks of life should be ashamed of. It takes away the right of Jews to fight against Holocaust denial. The Turks have tried it against the Armenian minority: no mention was allowed of any massacre of Armenians by Turks. Of course the ban collapsed, and the Turks look worse for it. This is a bankruptcy of any moral standing by the present Israeli cabinet, and will make it easier for all the enemies of Israel to justify that another war as the only way. If your existence and history is denied, what do you have to lose?

Visit www.haaretz.com for more on this.

The rhetoric will heat-up even more between Tehran and Tel Aviv in the coming months. But there will likely be no major actions taken. Israel has been simulating attacks on Iran for many years—war games. Although, the upcoming military exercise will be the biggest in its history. Likewise, Iranian President, Ahmadinejad, has, for too long, spewed his inflammatory rhetoric about Israel. But, most people understand that Ahmadinejad has little power in a country controlled primarily by the religious elite, who are much more rational and calculating.

All sides know that any military strike will be disastrous for the entire region, not just the two sides involved. So, I don’t share your doomsday scenario of war in the region. U.S. President Obama’s peacemaking efforts in the region will be critical in lowering the desert temperaments and bringing both sides down to earth, safely.

This report by Russia Today discusses the growing tension between Israel and Iran, highlighting that, ironically, the largest Jewish population outside of Israel is in Iran. 

During the recent visit, King Abdullah II of Jordan focused on one subject when talking with Obama: all the roads in the Middle East lead to Jerusalem and Palestine. As Bibi, Israel's new PM, is arriving soon in DC with an Iranian agenda and a timetable, it does not look to me like anyone is on the same page. Israel is organizing a major trial exercise of civil defense in July. Afterwards, all will be ready to attack Iran, unless Obama produces a new understanding with Tehran.

The rhetoric between the President of Iran and Israeli leaders have reached new heights of hate and disinformation. Many times leaders climb up high trees, only to have difficulty descending when the stakes are high. So then war breaks out as words are turned into action, and fighting seems unavoidable. It happened before in our region. The nuclear issue has become a focus for the Israeli goverment, in its relation with the USA. Obama is being tested, as his 'let us talk before we shoot' dialogue diplomacy is only in its infancy. A nuclear Middle East is a nightmare to everyone concerned, and Israel has sworn that Iran will NOT become such a power. There is a timetable of three months before the call will be made by Israeli leaders, and we find out if Obama is helpful, or if his diplomacy is a pie in the sky...